Targets 8 & 11 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) was adopted during the fifteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP 15) following a four-year consultation and negotiation process. This historic Framework sets an ambitious agenda to address biodiversity loss, restore ecosystems, and protect the rights of Indigenous Peoples. The Framework includes 4 goals for 2050 and 23 targets for 2030.

Target 8 and Target 11 of the Framework are specifically focused on the link between climate change and biodiversity. The reference to nature-based solutions and/or ecosystem-based approaches within these two targets recognises the essential role and importance of Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) as a practice to address the linked crises of biodiversity loss and climate change. The two targets read as follows:

• Target 8: Minimize the impact of climate change and ocean acidification on biodiversity and increase its resilience through mitigation, adaptation, and disaster risk reduction actions, including through nature-based solutions and/or ecosystem-based approaches, while minimizing negative and fostering positive impacts of climate action on biodiversity.

• Target 11: Restore, maintain and enhance nature’s contributions to people, including ecosystem functions and services, such as the regulation of air, water and climate, soil health, pollination and reduction of disease risk, as well as protection from natural hazards and disasters, through nature-based solutions and/or ecosystem-based approaches for the benefit of all people and nature.

In adopting the GBF, all Parties committed to setting national implementation targets, while all other actors have been invited to develop and communicate their own commitments.

Drawing on the network of EbA expertise convened under FEBA, this working group, established in January 2024, works under the guidance of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Secretariat and the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) to assist national target setting and implementation of GBF Targets 8 and 11.

To learn more about to the working group, please contact the FEBA Secretariat here.